Operation Flavius was a military operation in which three members of a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) were shot dead by undercover members of the British Special Air Service (SAS) in Gibraltar on 6 March 1988.
Seán Savage, Daniel McCann, and Mairéad Farrell were believed to be mounting a car bomb attack on British military personnel in Gibraltar. Plain-clothed SAS soldiers approached them in the forecourt of a petrol station, then opened fire, killing them. All three were found to be unarmed, and no bomb was discovered in Savage's car, leading to accusations that the British government had conspired to murder them.
An inquest in Gibraltar ruled that the SAS had acted lawfully, while the European Court of Human Rights held that, although there had been no conspiracy, the planning and control of the operation was so flawed as to make the use of lethal force almost inevitable.